Terms and Names

• Apostle - Jesus' twelve peoples
• Paul - an enemy of Christianity and later spread Christianity after he witnessed a vision of Jesus
• Diaspora - the dispersal of Jews
• Constantine - an emperor with support of Christianity who ended their persecution
• Bishop - as priest that supervised local churches
• Peter - the first bishop or rock of the church. He was later known as the first pope
• Pope - father of the Catholic church

Notes

• Rome took control of the Jewish kingdom in 86 AD and it became a province of the empire
• Jesus of Nazareth 
• born around 4-6 AD
• born in Bethlehem in Judea
• raised in Nazareth
• baptized by John the Baptist
• carpenter
• Public ministry
• Jesus began his public ministry at age 30
• his teachings were based around Judaism
• 10 commandments
• monotheism
• emphasized God's imminence
• ignored wealth and status
• Jesus' death
• worried Romans and Jewish leaders
• in 29 AD, people greeted him as King
• priests denied he was the Messiah
• Pilate arrested him and sentenced him to be crucified
• Christos - Greek word meaning "messiah" or "savior"
• Jesus' followers started creating a new religion called Christianity, derived from the word "Christ"
• Paul 
• hated Christianity
• saw a vision of Christ on his way to Damascus
• began spreading Christianity
• wrote influential letters called Epistles
• emphasized that Jesus died for our sins
• Christianity welcomes all converts
• Jewish rebellion
• in 66 AD, Jews revolted against Romans
• they failed and 500,000 of them died
• Romans stormed Jerusalem and destroyed the temple in 70 AD
• the Jews rebelled again and won 132 AD
• and another 500,000 were killed
• Christian persecution
• persecuted because they were not worshiping Roman gods
• seen as a threat to the government
• Christianity becomes a world religion
• millions converted to Christianity in the third century
• Christianity grew because
• it embraced all people
• gave hope to the powerless
• appealed to those who were repelled by the extravagance of imperial Rome
• offered a personal relationship with a loving God
• promised eternal life after death