• Most countries have adopted selective immigration policies for certain immigrants.
• The U.N. classifies countries according to 4 types of immigration policies-
• maintain the current level of immigration
• increase the level 
• reduce the level
• no policy 
• 21 countries seek more immigrants
• 32 want less
• 116 want to maintain current level
• 25 do not have a policy
• 67 of those countries encourage highly skilled immigrants
• 14 of those countries want better family unification
• U.N found policies to increase immigration in 18 countries
• Many who cannot enter the United States enter illegally
• Those who do so are entering without proper documents and thus are called unauthorized immigrants
• Unauthorized immigrant is the term preferred by academic observers including the authoritative Pew Hispanic Center as a neutral term
• Undocumented immigrant is the term preferred by some of the groups that advocate for more rights for these individuals
• Illegal alien is the term preferred by some groups that favor tougher restrictions and enforcement of immigration laws
• In other words, the number of unauthorized immigrants entering the United States is now less than the number leaving
• The era of unrestricted immigration to the United States ended when Congress passed the quota act in 1921 and the National Origins Act in 1924.
• 12 million immigrants came to the United States between 1892 and 1955
• Ellis Island became part of the Statue of Liberty National monument in 1965
• New York and New Jersey were arguing whether Ellis Island belonged to them.  New York won.
• Quotas for individual countries were replaced with hemisphere quotas.  
• The global quota of 290,000 was set including a maximum of 20,000 per country.
• 1990 - the global quota was raised to 700,000
• The quota does not apply to refugees who are admitted if they are judged by genuine refugees
• Also admitted without limit are spouses, children and parents of U.S. citizens.
• Brain drain is large scale emigration by talented people
• Researchers, doctors and other professionals migrate to countries where they make a better use of their abilities
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