Early map-making

• Early maps were reference dots- simple navigation devices to go from point a to point b.
• First map prepared by Anaximander 276-194 BC.
• Improvements to world map by Ptolemy.
• After Ptolemy, advancements in map making by Europe, Chinese, and Islamic world.
• Map making revived the age of exploration.
• Contemporary Mapping
• Switch from a tool that provides location reference to a tool used by geographers to communicate complex geographic locations.
• Level of detail depend on map scale
• Writch scale
• Number on left-distance
• Number on right- different unit depending on the size of the map.
• Projection- Scientific method of projecting locations to a flat map.
• Earths sperical shape causes distortion when drawing it on a flat piece of paper.
• four types-Shape, distance, Relative, Direction distortion.
• Meridians- drawn between north and south poles, longitude.
• Parrelels- arcs drawn parellel to the equater
• Further accuracy can be achieved by dividing each degree by 60 minutes, and each minute by 60 seconds.
• Earth is divided into 29 timezones